Coffee Futures Q1 2025: Arabica Rally Tests Critical Resistance

Arabica coffee approaches multi-year highs as Brazil's dry season weighs on 2025/26 crop expectations. Complete analysis of futures, spreads, and fundamentals.

Trade Grounds Research Saturday, January 18, 2025 3 min read

Executive Summary

Arabica coffee futures continue their impressive ascent, with the March 2025 contract testing resistance near 195 cents per pound. The market remains focused on Brazilian weather patterns and their implications for the 2025/26 crop.

Price Action Review

ICE Arabica (KC)

ContractSettlementMTD ChangeQTD Change
Mar 2025193.45¢+8.2%+15.6%
May 2025191.20¢+7.8%+14.2%
Jul 2025188.75¢+7.1%+12.8%

ICE Robusta (RC)

London robusta has also strengthened, though at a slower pace:

  • March 2025: $3,245/tonne (+4.8% MTD)
  • Arabica-Robusta arbitrage widening

Brazilian Crop Analysis

2024/25 Harvest (Current)

The just-completed 2024/25 Brazilian harvest delivered mixed results:

  • Total production: 66.3 million bags (Conab estimate)
  • Arabica: 44.8 million bags
  • Robusta: 21.5 million bags

2025/26 Crop Outlook

Early indicators for the upcoming 2025/26 cycle raise concerns:

  1. Flowering conditions: Below-average rainfall during October-November flowering period
  2. Cherry development: Reports of smaller cherry size in key Minas Gerais regions
  3. Tree stress: Multi-year high temperatures affecting tree health

“Our proprietary satellite imagery analysis suggests Minas Gerais arabica production could decline 8-12% in 2025/26” — Trade Grounds Crop Intelligence

Vietnam Robusta Update

Vietnam’s 2024/25 robusta harvest is progressing well:

  • Harvest completion: ~85%
  • Farmer selling: Steady at current price levels
  • Export pace: On track to meet 28 million bag target

Certified Stock Analysis

ICE certified arabica stocks remain at historically low levels:

  • Current stocks: 412,890 bags
  • 5-year average: 1.2 million bags
  • Pending grading: 28,450 bags

The low certified stock situation continues to support the nearby premium and cash market tightness.

Demand Landscape

Import Data

Major importing countries showing robust demand:

  • United States: +3.2% YoY through November
  • European Union: +1.8% YoY
  • Japan: +2.4% YoY

Roaster Activity

Multi-national roasters have accelerated forward coverage, with reports of buying extending into 2026.

Technical Outlook

March 2025 Arabica

The technical picture remains bullish:

  • Trend: Strong uptrend intact
  • Key resistance: 195.00-197.50¢ (multi-year highs)
  • Key support: 182.50¢ (20-day MA)
  • MACD: Positive and rising
  • Volume: Above average on up days

Seasonal Considerations

Historically, January-February tends to be a strong period for coffee as:

  • Brazilian off-season reduces supply pressure
  • Northern Hemisphere winter drives consumption
  • Q1 roaster restocking activity

Q1 2025 Price Forecast

Based on our fundamental and technical analysis:

ScenarioProbabilityMar 2025 Target
Bullish40%210-220¢
Base Case45%188-205¢
Bearish15%170-185¢

Risk Factors

Upside Risks

  • Further deterioration in Brazil 2025/26 crop estimates
  • Colombian production issues (La Niña effects)
  • Accelerated roaster buying

Downside Risks

  • Dollar strength
  • Global economic slowdown affecting consumption
  • Better-than-expected Brazil flowering recovery

Trade Grounds Recommendation

We favor a bullish stance on arabica coffee through Q1 2025, with the following considerations:

  1. Entry zone: 188-192¢ on pullbacks
  2. Target zone: 205-215¢
  3. Stop loss: Below 178¢
  4. Risk management: Position sizing appropriate for elevated volatility

This analysis is for informational purposes only. Trading futures involves substantial risk of loss. Past performance is not indicative of future results.